Ideological Anatomy of Nationalism: Between Theory and Practise
Milliyetçiliğin İdeolojik Anatomisi: Kuram ile Pratik Arasında
The aim of this study is to approach nationalism not only as a sense of belonging or cultural practise, but instead to re-evaluate it as a comprehensive ideological formation. On a theoretical level, it examines how collective identity, historical narrative, sovereignty, cultural homogeneity and the institutional practises that support them interact to shape nationalism into an ideological structure. The article analyses the interactions between nationalism and liberalism, socialism, conservatism and fascism and shows how these relationships shape the variable yet defining character of nationalism. The methodology employed is an interdisciplinary framework that draws on political science, ideological theory and historical sociology and emphasises conceptual analysis, critical literature analysis and theoretical synthesis. The results emphasise the functions of nationalism in the construction of sovereignty and the production of legitimacy and show how these are reproduced through institutions, media and education. The study proposes conceptual tools for future empirical research and at the same time points to the importance of strategies based on cultural pluralism for policy makers. Furthermore, the article demonstrates the conceptual flexibility of nationalism by discussing its temporal and spatial variability and offering a new perspective to the literature.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, milliyetçiliği sadece aidiyet duygusu veya kültürel bir uygulama olarak ele almak değil, onu kapsamlı bir ideolojik oluşum olarak yeniden değerlendirmektir. Teorik düzeyde, kolektif kimlik, tarihsel anlatı, egemenlik, kültürel homojenlik ve bunları destekleyen kurumsal uygulamaların nasıl etkileşime girerek milliyetçiliği ideolojik bir yapıya dönüştürdüğünü incelemektedir. Makale, milliyetçilik ile liberalizm, sosyalizm, muhafazakarlık ve faşizm arasındaki etkileşimleri analiz etmekte ve bu ilişkilerin milliyetçiliğin değişken ancak belirleyici karakterini nasıl şekillendirdiğini göstermektedir. Kullanılan metodoloji, siyaset bilimi, ideolojik teori ve tarihsel sosyolojiden yararlanan ve kavramsal analiz, eleştirel edebi analiz ve teorik sentezi vurgulayan disiplinlerarası bir çerçevedir. Sonuçlar, egemenliğin inşasında ve meşruiyetin üretiminde milliyetçiliğin işlevlerini vurgulamakta ve bunların kurumlar, medya ve eğitim yoluyla nasıl yeniden üretildiğini göstermektedir. Çalışma, gelecekteki ampirik araştırmalar için kavramsal araçlar önermekte ve aynı zamanda politika yapıcılar için kültürel çoğulculuğa dayalı stratejilerin önemine işaret etmektedir. Ayrıca makale, milliyetçiliğin zamansal ve mekansal değişkenliğini tartışarak ve literatüre yeni bir bakış açısı sunarak milliyetçiliğin kavramsal esnekliğini göstermektedir.
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